Service Virtualization Tutorial

Service Virtualization Tutorial

Pre-requisites

Let’s prepare to try out service virtaulization step-by-step.

Download the latest version of Specmatic.
Create a file named products-api.yaml on your laptop with the following contents.

openapi: 3.0.0
info:
  title: Sample Product API
  description: Optional multiline or single-line description in [CommonMark](http://commonmark.org/help/) or HTML.
  version: 0.1.9
servers:
  - url: http://localhost:8080
    description: Local
paths:
  /products/{id}:
    get:
      summary: Get Products
      description: Get Products
      parameters:
        - in: path
          name: id
          schema:
            type: number
          required: true
          description: Numerical Product Id
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Returns Product With Id
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                type: object
                required:
                  - name
                  - sku
                properties:
                  name:
                    type: string
                  sku:
                    type: string
  /products:
    post:
      summary: Add Product
      description: Add Product
      requestBody:
        content:
          application/json:
            schema:
              type: object
              required:
                - name
                - sku
              properties:
                name:
                  type: string
                sku:
                  type: string
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Returns Product With Id
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                type: object
                required:
                  - id
                properties:
                  id:
                    type: integer

Create a directory named products-api_data in which we will place these stubs.

Stub Out The Product Service

Run java -jar specmatic.jar product-api.yaml
Use postman to make a request to http://localhost:9000/products/10

Specmatic returns a contract valid response. The values are randomly generated. We have not yet told Specmatic how to handle this request.

Fix The Response To /products/10

Create a file named expectation.json, inside products-api_data, with the following contents:

{
  "http-request": {
    "method": "GET",
    "path": "/products/10"
  },
  "http-response": {
    "status": 200,
    "body": {
      "name": "Soap",
      "sku": "abc123"
    }
  }
}

Wait a few seconds for Specmatic to load the file.
Make the above request again from Postman.

Add A Second Expectation

Rename the above json file to soap.expectation
Create a new json file named batteries.json in the same directory with the following data:

{
  "http-request": {
    "method": "GET",
    "path": "/products/20"
  },
  "http-response": {
    "status": 200,
    "body": {
      "name": "Batteries",
      "sku": "abc123"
    }
  }
}

Make a request to http://localhost:9000/products/20.

Generate The SKU

We don’t care at the moment what the SKU is, but the one for Batteries is the same as the one for SOAP, and they should be different. Let’s fix that.

In soap.json, put the value “(string)” against “sku” instead of “abc123”.
Do the same in batteries.json.

Make an API call to http://localhost:9000/products/10 and then http://localhost:9000/products/20. Note that their SKUs are now randomly generated, and different.

Try Setting Up An Invalid Expectation

Let’s see what happens when our expectations of the API response do not align with the contract.

Create a third file named pencils.json, with the following contents.

{
  "http-request": {
    "method": "GET",
    "path": "/products/30"
  },
  "http-response": {
    "status": 200,
    "body": {
      "name": "Pencils",
      "sku": 12345
    }
  }
}

Wait for Specmatic to pick up the new file.

Note how Specmatic highlights

The path to the error
The reason for the error.

Stubbing Out The Request

Create a new file named book.json

{
  "http-request": {
    "method": "POST",
    "path": "/products",
    "body": {
      "name": "Book",
      "sku": "pqr456"
    }
  },
  "http-response": {
    "status": 200,
    "body": {
      "id": 40
    }
  }
}

Make a POST API call to http://localhost:9000/products, with the JSON body {“name”: “Book”, “sku”: “pqr456”}

You should get a 200 response with a json body containing “id” 40.

Accept Any Value For “name” and “sku” And Return A Random Id

Create a new file named any.json

{
  "http-request": {
    "method": "POST",
    "path": "/products",
    "body": {
      "name": "(string)",
      "sku": "(string)"
    }
  },
  "http-response": {
    "status": 200,
    "body": {
      "id": "(number)"
    }
  }
}

Make a POST API call to http://localhost:9000/products, with the JSON body {“name”: “any name here”, “sku”: “any sku value here”}

You should get a 200 response with a JSON body containing a randomized “id”.

Sample Java Project

https://github.com/znsio/specmatic-order-ui